Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement. It occurs when nerve cells in the brain, particularly in a region called the substantia nigra, deteriorate and fail to produce enough dopamine, a crucial neurotransmitter for controlling muscle movements. Common symptoms include tremors, stiffness, slowness of movement, and difficulty with balance. As the disease progresses, non-motor symptoms like depression, cognitive changes, and sleep disturbances may also develop. The exact cause of Parkinson’s is unknown, but it likely involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although there is no cure, treatments like medication, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for those affected.